JACKAREA DAWSON

Good leader must understand what, when, and how to use his power. When he or she uses the power, he or she has to apply it wisely. You have power over another person if that person has some interests or desires that only can be fulfilled by you. These interests or desires are the resources that only you can provide. In other words, the higher the dependency level, the greater the power you possess. Your power diminishes if other person dependency reduced. The level of dependency increases when the resources are important, scarce and nonsubstitutable. Hence, for a leader to become a good leader, he or she must know his or her followers’ dependency. He or she has to secure the resources that his or her followers are believing to be under his or her control. There are two types of power; formal and personal. Bases for formal power are coercive, reward and legitimate. In order to understand the difference between these three bases of power, let us refer to some of the important characte...

Ellis and Bochner (2000) advocate authoethnography, a form of writing that "make[s] the researcher's own experience a topic of investigation in its own right" (p. 733) rather than seeming "as if they're written from nowhere by nobody" (p. 734). Autoethnography is "an autobiographical genre of writing that displays multiple layers of consciousness, connecting the personal to the cultural" (p. 739); autoethnographers "ask their readers to feel the truth of their stories and to become coparticipants, engaging the storyline morally, emotionally, aesthetically, and intellectually" (p. 745). Some criticize this form of writing as sentimental, unscientific, and the product of the excesses of postmodernism. However, because of the epistemological difficulties involved with knowing how humans interact with their computers, I think this genre of writing may have something to contribute to discussions on cyberspace studies. Sherry Turkle's dis...

Charismatic versus Transformational Leadership “Charismatic leaders can be a transformational leader if their methods focus on changing the hearts and minds of the followers rather than simply creating a transactional reward system. However, not all transformational leaders are charismatic.” Of course, we will never be able to see into the heart and soul of other people, so we will never actually know their motivations. But, think of some of the great leaders from history and from your own experience. Let's look at a few examples: Pak Lah, Alex Ferguson, Tony Fernandez and Adolf Hitler, are they transformational or charismatic leader? Justifications based on the out of the box thinking. 1. Pak Lah is a transformational leader. It is difficult to have a charismatic leader in sequence. Mahathir is a charismatic leader and well-known for his inspiring modernization of Malaysia. During Pak Lah time continuous efforts had been taken to ensure the ethics and morality issues in...

Leadership vs Management Leadership is defined as the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals. Leadership is about coping with change, management is about coping with complexity. Good management brings about order and consistency by drawing up formal plans, designing rigid organization structures, and monitoring results against plans. Management consists of implementing the vision and strategy provided by leaders, coordinating and staffing the organization, and handling day-to-day problems. Leaders are born? In the trait theories of leadership leaders are born. Trait theories identify leaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics. These types of leaders can be described as charismatic, enthusiastic and courageous. Researchers have found that most of the traits emerge from the Big-5 Personality traits. It has been found that extraversion is the most important trait of effective leaders. Conscientiousness and openness to experience also showed str...

Penantian itu sudah berakhir... gerabak yang sarat baru sahaja berlepas sebentar tadi saratnya bukan kerana penumpang atau barangan muatan yang mempunyai nilai harga saratnya dek kerana bebanan dugaan dan rintangan yang mengisi penantian yang lama Tiada lambaian perpisahan hanya hamburan luahan kerinduan menuju ke destinasi ilmu yang tidak termimpi di masa kecil ku cuma mungkin sedikit terkilan aku kerana ia adalah impian seorang ayah (arwah) yang sering membisikkan di telinga ku tatkala lena dan jaga sekul mesti mau langah... (sekolah mesti sampai ke peringkat yang tertinggi)...

Bukannya bintang tak akan terbit lagi Cuma bintang kian hilang menjelang pagi Bukannya pelangi tak akan muncul lagi Cuma pelangi semakin lebur di panah mentari Bukannya embun tak akan membasah lagi Cuma embun berderai pada rumput yang meraja di bumi Bintang yang menerangi malam Menjadi suluh musafir di jalanan Pelangi yang menyapa awan Menjadi hiasan dunia yang menawan Embun yang menyegarkan alam Menjadi bayangan siang yang nyaman Apakah bintang hanyalah untuk panduan semata? Apakah pelangi hanyalah untuk citra dunia? Apakah embun hanyalah untuk melukut seketika? Mari kita jejaki asal dunia… Kerana dunia itu tidaklah fana… Namun ia tetap pelan agung Maha Pencipta Pentas cerita yang Dia bina Ada bintang yang menjadi pencahayaannya Ada pelangi yang menjadi penataraannya Ada embun yang menjadi penghawaannya Dan sesungguhnya… Pentas dunia itu tidak pernah berubah Malah bintang, pelangi dan embun berpisah tiada Telah diriwayat, telah dihikayat Memberi nikmat se...

Can you imagine how life is going to be, if there is no standard and accepted forms of communication? The immediate situation that I can visualize is the chaotic event of ordinary life. People will eventually see what others are doing are for their mutual benefit. Everything seems to be for individual interest only. Most of the time people engage in surface acting behavior and there is a tendency of social loafing in group activities. In short, people actually don’t care on good interpersonal communication. In addition to that, there is an absence of the quality of work life found in any organization. Off course, nobody wants this scenario to happen in his or her life. In order to improve the quality of work life, we need to understand and establish proper communication process. The communication process involves steps between a source and a receiver that result in the transference and understanding of meaning. The sender initiates message by encoding it through the right channel. Th...

1) Explain the five stages of group development. Tuckman’s Five Stage Theory of Group Development is important to group success. The first stage is forming, which is the “ice breaking” stage. Here the introductions are done as each member tries to evaluate others. The second stage is storming. In this stage individuals start to compare their views to the views of others. It is at this stage where conflict and power struggles may occur. The third stage is norming, where group roles and rules are established. The fourth stage is performing. In this stage roles and rules are followed in order to obtain the overall group goals. The last stage is adjourning, which allows the individual group members to evaluate their progress toward meeting their group goals. 2) Punctuated-Equilibrium Model The punctuated equilibrium model is an alternative model for temporary groups with deadlines. They don’t follow the five-stage group development model. They have their own unique sequencing of acti...

Sabah yang dahulunya pernah dikenali sebagai North Borneo telah mencapai kemerdekaan daripada British melalui penubuhan persekutuan Malaysia pada 16 September 1963 yang diilhamkan oleh Yang Teramat Mulia Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj selaku Perdana Menteri Tanah Melayu. Berdasarkan kepada sumber-sumber sejarah menunjukkan bahawa Sabah pada asalnya merupakan jajahan Kesultanan Brunei. Walau bagaimanapun, pada tahun 1704, sebahagian besar wilayahnya di pantai timur dan utara telah dihadiahkan kepada Kesultanan Sulu sebagai balasan kerana membantu sultan Brunei menewaskan seterunya di Pulau Cermin. Sistem kerajaan berkonsepkan kesultanan di Sabah mula terpadam dalam lipatan sejarah apabila wilayah-wilayah di Sabah diserahkan oleh Kesultanan Sulu dan Kesultanan Brunei kepada British North Borneo Chartered Company (BNBCC) pada abad ke-19. Pada tahun 1881, Sabah secara rasminya telah ditadbir oleh BNBCC dan dijadikan negeri naungan kerajaan British pada tahun 1888. Dalam erti kata lain,...

BismillahirRahmannir Rahim Alhamdulillahir Rabbil A’lamin .... Assalammualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh dan Salam Sejahtera Muslimin Muslimat yang dimuliakan, Terlebih dahulu marilah kita sama-sama merafakkan setinggi rasa kesyukuran ke hadrat Allah SWT di atas kelangsungan Majlis Perhimpunan Sambutan Maulidur Rasul bagi tahun 1431H/2010M, yang disambut di merata tempat di bumi Malaysia ini. Alhamdulillah dengan Nur yang menerangi jiwa, hati dan perasaan saudara saudari sekalian, kita telah dapat meluangkan masa untuk bersama-sama menyemarakkan lagi sambutan Maulidur Rasul yang saban tahun diadakan. Mungkin lebih ramai lagi saudara saudara kita yang ingin turut serta dalam majlis tersebut, tetapi disebabkan oleh tugas dan program yang telah dirancang lebih awal, maka mereka tidak berkesempatan bersama-sama kita. Namun saya percaya, bahawa hati dan jiwa mereka juga bersama-sama dengan kita. Sesungguhnya kehadiran dan penyertaan saudara-saudara sekalian dalam majlis ini merup...

Duhai dada yang bergoncang nafas mu tak beralun saraf mu tak berkembang darah mu tak gemuruh Dan pada satu detik yang tidak diundang merekahlah segala liang lalu berkecai dasar dan ruang tersembam bersama nasib malang Ramai nyawa yang melayang yang terselamat diburu bayang-bayang suara insan tersayang terngiang-ngiang kala sepi airmata pasti berlinang Harta benda turut musnah dan hilang padang jarak padang hilalang ...jika dada itu bergoncang ...pasti duka malam dan siang.

Our workplace is our next living room. It is a place where we spend most of our time in our daily life except Saturday, Sunday, and private holidays. As what we use to do at home, we always ensure that the set up of our living room is in a pleasant mood. The mood is not only for us to feel it, but also for the comfort of our guests. Tidying up is for sure, but creating a welcoming atmosphere has to be ensured. The other element concerns emotion. Most of the time our home is not merely our home sweet home. It is also a place where we practice and share the six emotions of anger, fear, sadness, happiness, disgust, and surprise as human being. Both emotions and moods are simultaneously potray what kind of affect that we have at home. In other words, the feeling that we and our guests have about our home comes from the existing emotions and moods. Similar to what we like to have or feel at home, we also want our workplace to be at par. The management or employer, then, has to create a go...

Group Strengths: 1. Generate more complete information and knowledge 2. Groups bring more input into the decision process. 3. Groups offer increased diversity of views. This opens up the opportunity for more approaches and alternatives to be considered/greater creativity. 4. Groups will almost always outperform even the best individual. 5. Groups generate higher quality decisions. Increased acceptance of decisions 6. Generally more accurate (but not as accurate as the most accurate group member) Members who participated in making a decision are likely to enthusiastically support the decision and encourage others to accept it. Group Weaknesses/Drawbacks: 1. They are time consuming. They take more time to reach a solution than would be the case if an individual were making the decision alone. 2. There are conformity pressures in groups. 3. Group discussion can be dominated by one or a few members. If this dominant coalition is composed of low- and moderate-ability members, the...

Social Pressure and Perception Imagine yourself in the following situation: You sign up for a psychology experiment, and on a specified date you and seven others whom you think are also subjects arrive and are seated at a table in a small room. You don't know it at the time, but the others are actually associates of the experimenter, and their behavior has been carefully scripted. You're the only real subject. The experimenter arrives and tells you that the study in which you are about to participate concerns people's visual judgments. She places two cards before you. The card on the left contains one vertical line. The card on the right displays three lines of varying length. The experimenter asks all of you, one at a time, to choose which of the three lines on the right card matches the length of the line on the left card. The task is repeated several times with different cards. On some occasions the other "subjects" unanimously choose the wrong line. It is...

It is an alternative model for temporary groups with deadlines. They don’t follow the five-stage group development model. They have their own unique sequencing of actions. Their first meeting sets the group’s direction. This first phase of group activity is one of inertia. A transition takes place at the end of this phase, which occurs exactly when the group has used up half its allotted time. A transition initiates major changes. A second phase of inertia follows the transition and the group’s last meeting is characterized by markedly accelerated activity. by Jakaria Dasan School of Business and Economics Universiti Malaysia Sabah

 The theory demonstrated that employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at work and that this reaction influences their job performance and satisfaction  The affective events theory begins by recognizing that emotions are a response to an event in the work environment. The work environment includes everything surrounding the job—the variety of tasks and degree of autonomy, job demands, and requirements for expressing emotional labor. This environment creates work events that can be hassles, uplifts, or both. Examples of hassles are colleagues who refuse to carry their share of work, conflicting directions by different managers, and excessive time pressures. Examples of uplifting events include meeting a goal, getting support from a colleague, and receiving recognition for an accomplishment.  These work events trigger positive or negative emotional reactions. But employees’ personalities and moods predisposes them to respond with greater or lesser intensity to the e...

• Expressing emotions publicly may be damaging to social status • Emotions are critical to rational decision-making • Emotions help us understand the world around us Phineas Gage’s story in 1848 When Phineas Gage had an iron bar driven through his brain he lost the ability to experience emotions . This case illustrate on the importance of emotions on reasoning by Jakaria Dasan School of Business and Economics Universiti Malaysia Sabah

TANGAN AN-NAS Tangan yang menghidupkan Tangan yang memegang Tangan yang memulakan Tangan yang melakukan Tangan yang membinasakan Tangan yang menakutkan Tangan yang menamatkan Tangan yang menafikan Antara kedua tangan Kadangkala aku suka pada tangan yang membinasakan Kerana tangan itu menyelamatkan dunia Mengekang kemusnahan Menghalang kezaliman Dan tangan itu menghidupkan kecintaan kepada an-Nas Sebaliknya aku benci pada tangan yang menghidupkan Kerana tangan itu menghancurkan dunia Menyokong kemusnahan Mendorong kezaliman Dan tangan itu membangkitkan keretakan sesama an-Nas Jakaria Dasan UMS (epilog mengenai kakitangan)

Mengapa Yahudi Bijak Setelah berada 3 tahun di Israel kerana menjalani housemanship dibeberapa hospital di sana, ada beberapa perkara yang menarik dapat saya perhatikan untuk dijadikan tesis ini, iaitu "Mengapa Yahudi Bijak?". Memang tidak dapat dinafikan ramai cendikiawan berbangsa Yahudi, dari segala bidang, kejuruteraan, muzik, saintis dan yang paling hebat ialah bidang perniagaan, dimana ia memang paling tersohor. Hampir 70% perniagaan di dunia dikuasai oleh kaum Yahudi, dari kosmetik, pakaian, pemakanan, senjata, perhotelan, perfileman di Hollywood dan sebagainya. Ketika tahun kedua, akhir bulan December 1980 dan sedang saya menghitung hari untuk pulang ke California saya terfikir apakah sebabnya kaum Yahudi begitu pintar? Kenapa tuhan memberi kelebihan kepada mereka? Apakah ini suatu kebetulan? Atau olah manusia sendiri? Adakah bijak boleh dijana? Seperti kilang pengeluaran? Maka saya pun tergerak membuat tesis untuk Phd saya, disamping kebaikan untuk umat sejagat...

PUISI UNTUK SIFU (1 MAC 2010) Jika ucap tahniah tidak kesampaian jika salam tidak berhadapan jika sifu tidak keberatan ...hanya madah spontan mampu ku titipkan... jika bermusafir di padang pasir, ...jadikan unta tunggangannya jika berburu di hutan rimba, ...jadikan burung matanya jika berkolek di lautan, ...jadikan duyung temannya jika tinggi budinya, lihatlah akalnya jika rendah baktinya, lihatlah nilainya jika sederhana gayanya, lihatlah ilmunya jika hidup untuk mati, ...biarlah hidup dengan mengenang kematian jika mati untuk hidup, ...biarlah mati dengan menjunjung kehidupan jika berada antara hidup dan mati, ...biarlah tetap dengan pendirian teruskan perjuangan, terjemahkan wawasan, tingkatkan perpaduan. (jdUMS..1 Mac 2010)